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Would someone like to bring back one or two of their dead family members? Wouldn’t it be great if they could spend one or two moments with them? This will soon be possible if scientists succeed in cloning a human being. This may sound too good to be true, and maybe, it is. Using the technique scientists are using now to clone things may prove deadly to humans if they are cloned. This paper will be about the history and explanation of cloning, arguments for and against, and ethical issues and thoughts.
A clone is the name for a group of organisms or other living matter with exactly the same genetic material. Genetic material is made up of genes, which are the parts of cells that determine the characteristics in living things. There are many examples of cloning in nature. Single-celled organisms, including bacteria, protozoa, and yeast, produce genetically identical offspring through asexual reproduction. These offspring develop from only one parent and are considered clones. Scientists use a different technique to clone higher life forms. The way it is usually done is by taking out genetic material and putting into the host mother’s ovum. Then they let it develop normally and let the mother give birth normally unless there are complications. They started cloning amphibians like frogs and salamanders as early as the 150’s. In 16, British scientist Ian Wilmot and his group used the technique to clone a sheep. They named it “Dolly”. Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned. Since then, the U.S., Japan, Great Britain, and other world powers have been trying to clone the first human being.
The goals and purpose for cloning go from making copies of those that have deceased to make the offspring superior in humans and animals. We could use the information of cloning to make genetically superior livestock. With this power we could help world hunger and we would be able to produce higher quality meat, milk, and wool. We could also use cloning to offer a way to cure diseases directly. We could use cloning to find out more about how organisms develop. Also, as mentioned earlier, livestock can produce special proteins helping people who have diseases including diabetes, Parkinsons, and Cystic Fibrosis. Cloning also provides better research capabilities for finding cures to many diseases. We could also use it for the production of offspring by infertile couples. Cloning could also provide a copy of a child for a couple whose child had died. This is all wonderful but who says we should use this technology in the first place. Let us look at why we shouldn’t use cloning.
Cloning might lead to the creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes, such as warfare, slavery, or high offices. A clone might have fewer rights than other people. Doctors might use clones as sources of organs for organ transplants. Some people fear that human clones might be considered less than human and might be used for spare parts in organ transplants and for other things that are considered wrong if we do clone a human, the clone might have some problems. Some of the problems might be health risks, emotional risks, and risk of abuse of technology. The risks we will take when we clone the first human will be great. Some problems with cloning right now are the techniques used. The genetic material would be the age of the person being cloned. Clones could have problems with abnormalities and might have the same problems as the person that the genetic material was taken from. For example, Dolly has arthritis, just as the sheep that the material was taken from. Some emotional risks could occur. The clone might have problems with establishing his or her identity. The spouse of the person that was cloned might fall in love with the “second” version of his or her spouse. The clone would be looked at as if the genetic donator was growing up again. The biggest problem with asexual reproduction is that genetic diversity becomes very limited. If a population of organisms has the same genetic information, then one disease could wipe out the whole population. This is because not one organism has an advantage of fighting the disease over the other. Cloning might lead to an attempt to improve the human race. Nazi followers and KKK members will probably try it. This is called eugenics.
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Some people think cloning is against Gods will. The clones would be chastised by many people and will probably be treated different. They think that clones don’t have souls and that we shouldn’t play God. They are right. We don’t need to improve anything about humans except the fact that we always have hate. We might say we don’t hate, but inside we know we hate someone or something. Something that people know is that when you clone someone who is dead or is dying or something like that, it won’t be the same. You can’t expect a clone to act the same way as your dead baby or your grandmother. If we think like that we will be putting pressure on the clone. Another thing we should think about is who should own the power. We know not to give it to the government because we know for a fact that they will misuse it. The leader of the whole project should own the power, but won’t own it because everyone wants to own it and someone will try to kill the owner. Everyone should own it so that everyone can benefit from it. It is safe to say that some aspects of human life should be off limits to science.
In summary, cloning is ethical, unless there is lack of respect for the lives of animals and humans. For now, we should keep cloning off limits. We should always be looking towards something that could benefit everyone, not just the majority or the minority. We should leave God’s stuff to God and not mess around with making humans.
Bibliographies
Burbelo, Peter. “Cloning.” World Book 00, Book 4. 00. Pages 684-685.
Cloning. [Online] Available http//www.time.com/time/cloning/. February 7, 00.
Even If It Worked, It Wouldn’t Bring Her Back. [Online] Available wysiwyg//6/http//washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A564-001Apr7.html. February 6, 00.
General Cloning Resources. [Online] Available http//genomics.phrma.org/cloning.html. February 6, 00.
Human Cloning. [Online] Available http//www.globalchange.com/clonlink.htm. February 6, 00.
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